(`.' is the redo command in vi. It redoes the last insertion/deletion.)
No, not really.
You can type "C-x ESC" (repeat-complex-command) to reinvoke commands that used the minibuffer to get arguments. In repeat-complex-command you can type M-p and M-n to scan through all the different complex commands you've typed.
To repeat something on each line I recommend using keyboard macros.