GNU Emacs Calc 2.02 Manual

• GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
  • Preamble
  • TERMS AND CONDITIONS
• Getting Started
  • What is Calc?
  • About This Manual
  • Notations Used in This Manual
  • A Demonstration of Calc
  • Using Calc
    • Starting Calc
    • The Standard Calc Interface
    • Quick Mode (Overview)
    • Keypad Mode (Overview)
    • Standalone Operation
    • Embedded Mode (Overview)
    • Other M-# Commands
  • History and Acknowledgements
• Tutorial
  • Basic Tutorial
    • RPN Calculations and the Stack
    • Algebraic-Style Calculations
    • Undo and Redo
    • Mode-Setting Commands
  • Arithmetic Tutorial
  • Vector/Matrix Tutorial
    • Vector Analysis
    • Matrices
    • Vectors as Lists
  • Types Tutorial
  • Algebra and Calculus Tutorial
    • Basic Algebra
    • Rewrite Rules
  • Programming Tutorial
  • Answers to Exercises
    • RPN Tutorial Exercise 1
    • RPN Tutorial Exercise 2
    • RPN Tutorial Exercise 3
    • RPN Tutorial Exercise 4
    • Algebraic Entry Tutorial Exercise 1
    • Algebraic Entry Tutorial Exercise 2
    • Algebraic Entry Tutorial Exercise 3
    • Modes Tutorial Exercise 1
    • Modes Tutorial Exercise 2
    • Modes Tutorial Exercise 3
    • Modes Tutorial Exercise 4
    • Arithmetic Tutorial Exercise 1
    • Arithmetic Tutorial Exercise 2
    • Vector Tutorial Exercise 1
    • Vector Tutorial Exercise 2
    • Matrix Tutorial Exercise 1
    • Matrix Tutorial Exercise 2
    • Matrix Tutorial Exercise 3
    • List Tutorial Exercise 1
    • List Tutorial Exercise 2
    • List Tutorial Exercise 3
    • List Tutorial Exercise 4
    • List Tutorial Exercise 5
    • List Tutorial Exercise 6
    • List Tutorial Exercise 7
    • List Tutorial Exercise 8
    • List Tutorial Exercise 9
    • List Tutorial Exercise 10
    • List Tutorial Exercise 11
    • List Tutorial Exercise 12
    • List Tutorial Exercise 13
    • List Tutorial Exercise 14
    • Types Tutorial Exercise 1
    • Types Tutorial Exercise 2
    • Types Tutorial Exercise 3
    • Types Tutorial Exercise 4
    • Types Tutorial Exercise 5
    • Types Tutorial Exercise 6
    • Types Tutorial Exercise 7
    • Types Tutorial Exercise 8
    • Types Tutorial Exercise 9
    • Types Tutorial Exercise 10
    • Types Tutorial Exercise 11
    • Types Tutorial Exercise 12
    • Types Tutorial Exercise 13
    • Types Tutorial Exercise 14
    • Types Tutorial Exercise 15
    • Algebra Tutorial Exercise 1
    • Algebra Tutorial Exercise 2
    • Algebra Tutorial Exercise 3
    • Algebra Tutorial Exercise 4
    • Rewrites Tutorial Exercise 1
    • Rewrites Tutorial Exercise 2
    • Rewrites Tutorial Exercise 3
    • Rewrites Tutorial Exercise 4
    • Rewrites Tutorial Exercise 5
    • Rewrites Tutorial Exercise 6
    • Rewrites Tutorial Exercise 7
    • Programming Tutorial Exercise 1
    • Programming Tutorial Exercise 2
    • Programming Tutorial Exercise 3
    • Programming Tutorial Exercise 4
    • Programming Tutorial Exercise 5
    • Programming Tutorial Exercise 6
    • Programming Tutorial Exercise 7
    • Programming Tutorial Exercise 8
    • Programming Tutorial Exercise 9
    • Programming Tutorial Exercise 10
    • Programming Tutorial Exercise 11
    • Programming Tutorial Exercise 12
• Introduction
  • Basic Commands
  • Help Commands
  • Stack Basics
  • Numeric Entry
  • Algebraic Entry
  • "Quick Calculator" Mode
  • Numeric Prefix Arguments
  • Undoing Mistakes
  • Error Messages
  • Multiple Calculators
  • Troubleshooting Commands
    • Autoloading Problems
    • Recursion Depth
    • Caches
    • Debugging Calc
• Data Types
  • Integers
  • Fractions
  • Floats
  • Complex Numbers
  • Infinities
  • Vectors and Matrices
  • Strings
  • HMS Forms
  • Date Forms
  • Modulo Forms
  • Error Forms
  • Interval Forms
  • Incomplete Objects
  • Variables
  • Formulas
• Stack and Trail Commands
  • Stack Manipulation Commands
  • Editing Stack Entries
  • Trail Commands
  • Keep Arguments
• Mode Settings
  • General Mode Commands
  • Precision
  • Inverse and Hyperbolic Flags
  • Calculation Modes
    • Angular Modes
    • Polar Mode
    • Fraction Mode
    • Infinite Mode
    • Symbolic Mode
    • Matrix and Scalar Modes
    • Automatic Recomputation
    • Working Messages
  • Simplification Modes
  • Declarations
    • Declaration Basics
    • Kinds of Declarations
    • Functions for Declarations
  • Display Modes
    • Radix Modes
    • Grouping Digits
    • Float Formats
    • Complex Formats
    • Fraction Formats
    • HMS Formats
    • Date Formats
      • Date Formatting Codes
      • Free-Form Dates
      • Standard Date Formats
    • Truncating the Stack
    • Justification
    • Labels
  • Language Modes
    • Normal Language Modes
    • C, FORTRAN, and Pascal Modes
    • TeX Language Mode
    • Eqn Language Mode
    • Mathematica Language Mode
    • Maple Language Mode
    • Compositions
      • Composition Basics
      • Horizontal Compositions
      • Vertical Compositions
      • Other Compositions
      • Information about Compositions
      • User-Defined Compositions
    • Syntax Tables
      • Syntax Table Basics
      • Precedence
      • Advanced Syntax Patterns
      • Conditional Syntax Rules
  • The Modes Variable
  • The Calc Mode Line
• Arithmetic Functions
  • Basic Arithmetic
  • Integer Truncation
  • Complex Number Functions
  • Conversions
  • Date Arithmetic
    • Date Conversions
    • Date Functions
    • Business Days
    • Time Zones
  • Financial Functions
    • Percentages
    • Future Value
    • Present Value
    • Related Financial Functions
    • Depreciation Functions
    • Definitions
  • Binary Number Functions
• Scientific Functions
  • Logarithmic Functions
  • Trigonometric/Hyperbolic Functions
  • Advanced Mathematical Functions
  • Branch Cuts and Principal Values
  • Random Numbers
    • Random Number Generator
  • Combinatorial Functions
  • Probability Distribution Functions
• Vector/Matrix Functions
  • Packing and Unpacking
  • Building Vectors
  • Extracting Vector Elements
  • Manipulating Vectors
  • Vector and Matrix Arithmetic
  • Set Operations using Vectors
  • Statistical Operations on Vectors
    • Single-Variable Statistics
    • Paired-Sample Statistics
  • Reducing and Mapping Vectors
    • Specifying Operators
    • Mapping
    • Reducing
    • Nesting and Fixed Points
    • Generalized Products
  • Vector and Matrix Display Formats
• Algebra
  • Selecting Sub-Formulas
    • Making Selections
    • Changing Selections
    • Displaying Selections
    • Operating on Selections
    • Rearranging Formulas using Selections
  • Algebraic Manipulation
  • Simplifying Formulas
    • Default Simplifications
    • Algebraic Simplifications
    • "Unsafe" Simplifications
    • Simplification of Units
  • Polynomials
  • Calculus
    • Differentiation
    • Integration
    • Customizing the Integrator
    • Numerical Integration
    • Taylor Series
  • Solving Equations
    • Multiple Solutions
    • Solving Systems of Equations
    • Decomposing Polynomials
  • Numerical Solutions
    • Root Finding
    • Minimization
    • Systems of Equations
  • Curve Fitting
    • Linear Fits
    • Polynomial and Multilinear Fits
    • Error Estimates for Fits
    • Standard Nonlinear Models
    • Curve Fitting Details
    • Polynomial Interpolation
  • Summations
  • Logical Operations
  • Rewrite Rules
    • Entering Rewrite Rules
    • Basic Rewrite Rules
    • Conditional Rewrite Rules
    • Algebraic Properties of Rewrite Rules
    • Other Features of Rewrite Rules
    • Composing Patterns in Rewrite Rules
    • Nested Formulas with Rewrite Rules
    • Multi-Phase Rewrite Rules
    • Selections with Rewrite Rules
    • Matching Commands
    • Automatic Rewrites
    • Debugging Rewrites
    • Examples of Rewrite Rules
• Operating on Units
  • Basic Operations on Units
  • The Units Table
  • Predefined Units
  • User-Defined Units
• Storing and Recalling
  • Storing Variables
  • Recalling Variables
  • Other Operations on Variables
  • The Let Command
  • The Evaluates-To Operator
• Graphics
  • Basic Graphics
  • Three-Dimensional Graphics
  • Managing Curves
  • Graphics Options
  • Graphical Devices
• Kill and Yank Functions
  • Killing from the Stack
  • Yanking into the Stack
  • Grabbing from Other Buffers
  • Yanking into Other Buffers
  • X Cut and Paste
• "Keypad" Mode
  • Main Menu
  • Functions Menu
  • Binary Menu
  • Vectors Menu
  • Modes Menu
• Embedded Mode
  • Basic Embedded Mode
  • More About Embedded Mode
  • Assignments in Embedded Mode
  • Mode Settings in Embedded Mode
  • Customizing Embedded Mode
• Programming
  • Creating User Keys
  • Programming with Keyboard Macros
    • Naming Keyboard Macros
    • Conditionals in Keyboard Macros
    • Loops in Keyboard Macros
    • Local Values in Macros
    • Queries in Keyboard Macros
  • Invocation Macros
  • Programming with Formulas
  • Programming with Lisp
    • Defining New Functions
    • Defining New Simple Commands
    • Defining New Stack-Based Commands
    • Argument Qualifiers
    • Example Definitions
      • Bit-Counting
      • The Sine Function
    • Calling Calc from Your Lisp Programs
      • Additional Arguments to calc-eval
      • Error Handling
      • Numbers Only
      • Default Modes
      • Raw Numbers
      • Predicates
      • Variable Values
      • Stack Access
      • Keyboard Macros
      • Lisp Evaluation
      • Example
    • Calculator Internals
      • Data Type Formats
      • Interactive Functions
      • Stack-Oriented Functions
      • Predicates
      • Computational Functions
      • Vector Functions
      • Symbolic Functions
      • I/O and Formatting Functions
      • Hooks
• Installation
  • Upgrading from Calc 1.07
  • The `make public' Command
  • Compilation
  • Auto-loading
  • Finding Component Files
  • Merging Source Files
  • Key Bindings
  • The `macedit' Package
  • The GNUPLOT Program
  • On-Line Documentation
  • Printed Documentation
  • Settings File
  • Testing the Installation
• Reporting Bugs
• Calc Summary
• Index of Key Sequences
• Index of Calculator Commands
• Index of Algebraic Functions
• Concept Index
• Index of Variables
• Index of Lisp Math Functions

This document was generated on 25 August 1995 using the texi2html translator version 1.38.